Replacing signals when a train is approaching

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Replacing signals when a train is approaching 12/06/2014 at 19:19 #61582
Gonzo75
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Crikey, I started something here! :evil:
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Replacing signals when a train is approaching 12/06/2014 at 19:32 #61583
Sacro
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" said:
What happens if a yellow ground signal reverts and gets passed?

Would this be a SPAY?
Depends on the lay of the points? If they're toward the main line then that would still be a SPAD, if they're away from it then it's not anything.

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Replacing signals when a train is approaching 12/06/2014 at 21:35 #61593
slatteryc
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Crikey, I started something here! X
yes you did. I am absolutely delighted by this thread it has really opened my eyes as to what the expectations are for different things. ( as a non-signaller )

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Replacing signals when a train is approaching 12/06/2014 at 21:44 #61594
Late Turn
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" said:
I can also replace a signal at any time providing the driver of an approaching train doesn't see an adverse change of aspect OR if the driver of an approaching train will see an ACOA, I have to forewarn the driver that this is what I am going to do. I don't have to wait until the train is at a stand at the signal I wish to replace before doing so. Providing the driver is aware that I'm doing it, it's ok to do so. There is also a prevalence for some signalmen to ask the driver's "permission" to replace the signal. This is absolutely not the case. The Driver does not have that authority. In the hierarchy of Safety Critical Communications (for which these situations would be classified) the Signalman is only subordinate to the Electrical Controller. The Driver, and anyone else, is therefore subordinate to the Signalman.

Fully agree (as a fellow Signalman and proud of it) with just about everything you've said, other than the above. Unless we're talking about different 'hierarchies', the above refers only to 'lead responsibility': merely ensuring that the conversation is conducted in a manner that ensures that both parties fully understand all instructions and information, not any sort of general authority over the other - yes, drivers generally need to seek authority from us, but equally we need to seek authority from others (shunters, PICOPs etc). In this specific case, even if the driver doesn't need to 'authorise' us to replace a signal to danger as he's approaching it, I'd certainly like his assurance that he'll be able to bring his train to a stand at it rather than trying to make that judgment myself!

" said:
" said:
What happens if a yellow ground signal reverts and gets passed?

Would this be a SPAY?
Depends on the lay of the points? If they're toward the main line then that would still be a SPAD, if they're away from it then it's not anything.

If they're away from the main line though, then it shouldn't have been possible to clear it in the first place!

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Replacing signals when a train is approaching 13/06/2014 at 09:11 #61597
Stephen Fulcher
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I was thinking more along the lines of route set to main line, signal off and then the points lose detection causing the signal to revert.

Not really a serious question.

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Replacing signals when a train is approaching 13/06/2014 at 09:16 #61600
GW43125
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" said:
What happens if a yellow ground signal reverts and gets passed?

Would this be a SPAY?
What about a NEUTER? :p

...I'll get me coat...

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Replacing signals when a train is approaching 28/06/2014 at 18:00 #62205
Slash
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Earlier i had an AHB failed indication just as a train was approaching it. I hit the emergency replacement and got docked points for it. :S
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Replacing signals when a train is approaching 28/06/2014 at 19:06 #62206
Muzer
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Aren't AHB failures usually when the barriers have been *down* for too long? I don't know for sure, I'm not a signaller... but it could be the train heading towards it was just much slower than usual for that line or something?
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Replacing signals when a train is approaching 29/06/2014 at 00:22 #62220
Stephen Fulcher
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There are a lot of things in reality that will cause an AHB to show failed.

I don't think it would be unreasonable for a real signaller to cancel a route with a train approaching for an AHB failure, but not sure what the exact rules are.

It would probably be a disproportionate effort on the part of Geoff and Clive to alter the core code to prevent a penalty in these circumstances.

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Replacing signals when a train is approaching 29/06/2014 at 05:21 #62222
eeldump
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Wouldn't the train have to stop and protect (flag) across the malfunctioning crossing anyway unless the failure had been ascertained positively to be 'right side' (i.e. barriers stuck down), and perhaps even in that case (depending on operating rules)?

Interesting note about US practice: I know of no facility (either local or remote) on gated level crossings in the US akin to the functional/failed indications provided either locally or remotely on active level crossins in the UK. Then again: what's this about treadles and such being used to actuate level crossings? I'd think you'd want different strike-ins for HSTs and class 8 freights... :huh: (Or equivalently: does the UK make use of constant warning time or predictor-type detectors at automatic level crossings?)

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Replacing signals when a train is approaching 29/06/2014 at 06:45 #62224
Stephen Fulcher
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Warning time is constant. AHBs are generally twenty-seven seconds from the crossing sequence starting to the train passing over the crossing if it is doing line speed.

Treadles are used in conjunction with track circuits for this purpose.

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Replacing signals when a train is approaching 29/06/2014 at 07:14 #62225
Late Turn
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The main purpose of cautioning for a 'failed' AHB, as I understand it, is to mitigate against the risk of impatient motorists weaving around the barriers after waiting for longer than normal. Wrong side failures are very rare (though not absolutely unheard of), but I'm struggling to think of a single failure mode where you'd end up with no red road lights *and* the barriers up *and* a failed indication in the box (it can only indicate failed if the interlocking knows that it's meant to be doing something, so you couldn't expect it to know about the failure of the treadles/TCs to detect an approaching train, for example). The Rule Book is rather vague (probably deliberately so) when it comes to the immediate actions with regards to a closely approaching train, but the implication during training was that it's probably best to let the first one run (an emergency brake application carries its own risks!) and then caution subsequent trains if it still indicates failed.

I've read somewhere that we've played about with predictor technology on some recent installations to reduce the variability of the warning time to motorists - I'm not sure how widespread these are, if installed at all in the end, or whether any older installations used timing circuits and a second set of treadles to delay the sequence for particularly slow trains (at locations where there was regularly a large speed differential), but generally trains strike in at the same location each time, and slower trains take longer to reach the crossing! Stations and signals (potentially at danger) within the controls are dealt with separately to ensure that a train stopping at either wouldn't (normally) cause the barriers to be down for a long time.

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Replacing signals when a train is approaching 29/06/2014 at 07:48 #62226
Peter Bennet
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" said:
Earlier i had an AHB failed indication just as a train was approaching it. I hit the emergency replacement and got docked points for it. :S

" said:
Aren't AHB failures usually when the barriers have been *down* for too long? I don't know for sure, I'm not a signaller... but it could be the train heading towards it was just much slower than usual for that line or something?
In SimSig an AHB failure will be indicated if the barriers are down too long, which is caused by the TC being occupied for too long. That can happen if the TC is too long or the train is too slow (or some combination of both).

Peter

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Replacing signals when a train is approaching 29/06/2014 at 11:32 #62232
Firefly
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Wrong side failures are very rare (though not absolutely unheard of), but I'm struggling to think of a single failure mode where you'd end up with no red road lights *and* the barriers up *and* a failed indication in the box
Leaving barriers in local control!

Ff

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Replacing signals when a train is approaching 29/06/2014 at 14:06 #62234
Muzer
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" said:
Wouldn't the train have to stop and protect (flag) across the malfunctioning crossing anyway unless the failure had been ascertained positively to be 'right side' (i.e. barriers stuck down), and perhaps even in that case (depending on operating rules)?

Interesting note about US practice: I know of no facility (either local or remote) on gated level crossings in the US akin to the functional/failed indications provided either locally or remotely on active level crossins in the UK. Then again: what's this about treadles and such being used to actuate level crossings? I'd think you'd want different strike-ins for HSTs and class 8 freights... :huh: (Or equivalently: does the UK make use of constant warning time or predictor-type detectors at automatic level crossings?)
One thing we do have (which you may have noticed in some sims) is, where an AHB is very close to a station, the signaller has to specify whether the train is stopping or not. For stopping trains, barrier sequence is delayed until a TRTS button is pressed (at which point the protecting signal at the station will clear) - for non-stopping trains, the sequence starts in the usual place for such crossings (before the station).

I don't know if there are systems that don't have a TRTS button but just do it based on average timing for dwell times - anyone know?

Last edited: 29/06/2014 at 14:07 by Muzer
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Replacing signals when a train is approaching 29/06/2014 at 14:36 #62236
Stephen Fulcher
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" said:
Quote:
Wrong side failures are very rare (though not absolutely unheard of), but I'm struggling to think of a single failure mode where you'd end up with no red road lights *and* the barriers up *and* a failed indication in the box
Leaving barriers in local control!

Ff
Is that a failure or carelessness?

On a more sensible note, that is about the only thing I can think of that will cause a failed indication and the crossing not to work at all. The crossing will show failed either as soon as the local control is taken, or four minutes later depending on the age of the installation. It will not "wait" until a train fails to operate the crossing to do so.

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Replacing signals when a train is approaching 29/06/2014 at 15:12 #62238
Firefly
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Human failure, but I've known it happen on several occasions.

FF

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Replacing signals when a train is approaching 29/06/2014 at 15:24 #62239
Late Turn
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" said:
Quote:
Wrong side failures are very rare (though not absolutely unheard of), but I'm struggling to think of a single failure mode where you'd end up with no red road lights *and* the barriers up *and* a failed indication in the box
Leaving barriers in local control!

Ff

I did think about that, and the equivalent failure to caution for a crossing on local control - at least that shouldn't leave the signalman suddenly needing to decide whether to put back in front of one or not though (unless local control is taken without authority, I suppose). Still a rarity, thankfully, but probably still more common than an AHB failing wrong-side of its own accord!

Stopping/non-stopping controls, wherever I've encountered them, mostly appear to be timed off track circuit occupation rather than by TRTS plunger. The arrangement at Collingham on the Down (Cross Lane?) seems interesting - stopping trains call at the platform, then draw forward towards the signal before it clears. Is there an additional track circuit to detect the train leaving the platform?

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Replacing signals when a train is approaching 29/06/2014 at 18:48 #62253
dwelham313
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" said:
I don't know if there are systems that don't have a TRTS button but just do it based on average timing for dwell times - anyone know?
Waterbeach doesn't have a TRTS plunger but a seperate set of 'treadles' which become active when 'stopping' is selected. Once the train departs the station and activates this treadle the barrier sequence starts and the signal clears after about 15 seconds.

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Replacing signals when a train is approaching 29/06/2014 at 19:41 #62258
clive
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" said:

I don't think it would be unreasonable for a real signaller to cancel a route with a train approaching for an AHB failure, but not sure what the exact rules are.

If it's failed, you want to stop any approaching train. That's one reason why every AHB has to have a controlled signal within 10 minutes running time.
Quote:

It would probably be a disproportionate effort on the part of Geoff and Clive to alter the core code to prevent a penalty in these circumstances.

If the signal has gone back in front of the train, the driver will be concerned, which is why you get the penalty. The reason is irrelevant.

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Replacing signals when a train is approaching 29/06/2014 at 19:53 #62262
clive
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" said:
Warning time is constant. AHBs are generally twenty-seven seconds from the crossing sequence starting to the train passing over the crossing if it is doing line speed.

Treadles are used in conjunction with track circuits for this purpose.
That's not quite accurate or, more precisely, it's misleading.

The strike-in point for the crossing is 27 seconds (on single lines; 37 seconds on double lines, but the crossing doesn't activate for 10 seconds) *at line speed* from the crossing. 50% of trains should arrive within 50 seconds and 95% within 75 seconds of the start of the sequence. If this can't be met, *then* a predictor system or speed discrimination controls need to be installed. SimSig doesn't have either of these, though it might be possible to simulate speed discrimination controls with some special logic - I haven't looked into it.

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Replacing signals when a train is approaching 29/06/2014 at 20:03 #62264
clive
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" said:
One thing we do have (which you may have noticed in some sims) is, where an AHB is very close to a station, the signaller has to specify whether the train is stopping or not. For stopping trains, barrier sequence is delayed until a TRTS button is pressed (at which point the protecting signal at the station will clear) - for non-stopping trains, the sequence starts in the usual place for such crossings (before the station).

I don't know if there are systems that don't have a TRTS button but just do it based on average timing for dwell times - anyone know?
Yes - both the examples on Cambridge (Shepreth Up and Bottisham Down) are simply timed. If the crossing is in non-stop mode, the protecting signal clears in the normal way. If it's in stop mode, the signal controls clear a certain time after a certain track circuit is occupied, the crossing sequence starts, and then the signal actually clears as soon as it is safe to do so.

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Replacing signals when a train is approaching 29/06/2014 at 22:07 #62275
Muzer
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Bradford-on-Avon is the one I was thinking about with TRTS - is it quite unusual, then, in that case?
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Replacing signals when a train is approaching 30/06/2014 at 05:56 #62285
Stephen Fulcher
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" said:
" said:
Warning time is constant. AHBs are generally twenty-seven seconds from the crossing sequence starting to the train passing over the crossing if it is doing line speed.

Treadles are used in conjunction with track circuits for this purpose.
That's not quite accurate or, more precisely, it's misleading.

The strike-in point for the crossing is 27 seconds (on single lines; 37 seconds on double lines, but the crossing doesn't activate for 10 seconds) *at line speed* from the crossing. 50% of trains should arrive within 50 seconds and 95% within 75 seconds of the start of the sequence. If this can't be met, *then* a predictor system or speed discrimination controls need to be installed. SimSig doesn't have either of these, though it might be possible to simulate speed discrimination controls with some special logic - I haven't looked into it.
The first ten seconds of the thirty-seven second double line strike in do not do anything to the road lights or the barriers unless they are already down though, its just there to make sure that the minimum road open time is ten seconds. By sequence starting I meant what a road user would see, which does not include the minimum road open timers.

When we do annual tests on these crossings all the timers have to be checked very closely. There is only a ten per cent tolerance in the standards, which does not leave any room for variation at all on some of them, which can be as little as three or four seconds.

Where you have crossings close to stations and stop/non-stop controls such as Bradford-on-Avon, the protecting signal will generally be allowed to clear once the barriers themselves have started to lower.

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Replacing signals when a train is approaching 30/06/2014 at 06:23 #62288
clive
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" said:


Waterbeach doesn't have a TRTS plunger but a seperate set of 'treadles' which become active when 'stopping' is selected. Once the train departs the station and activates this treadle the barrier sequence starts and the signal clears after about 15 seconds.
Are you sure about that? My understanding was that it is triggered by occupation of the platform track circuit for 30 seconds (possibly with a treadle as backup). I'm sure I've seen the signal clear before the train departs.

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